Isoeugenol's biotransformation to vanillin using microorganisms

Rupa Verma — 2025-01-30

The biotechnological route of producing natural biological food products is preferred over synthetically created ones. One such pathway is biotransformation, which entails the chemical transformation of one substance into another using microorganisms acting as biocatalysts. One crucial process in green chemistry is biotransformation, which results in the biological production of numerous valuable chemicals. Due to its distinct aroma, vanillin is one of the most widely used flavors in the world. It is used in ice cream, cakes, biscuits, chocolates, and cosmetics. Compared to chemically synthesized vanillin, biologically produced vanillin has very few or no radicals, which is why it has very little or no negative effects on humans. Biological precursors such as eugenol and isoeugenol, as well as ferulic acids, can be utilized in the production of vanillin. Pure bacterial cultures were isolated from soil (isolates coded as DSH1001 to DSH1004) and identified by various biochemical reactions as Gram-negative rods. The microorganism identified by 16S ribosomal sequencing with accession number OR140859 can convert isoeugenol to vanillin. Their capacity to biotransform isoeugenol was also investigated. Using HPLC, a final screening of the selected bacterial isolate was carried out at a temperature of 37°C, pH 7.2, agitation rate of 150 rpm, and an initial isoeugenol concentration of 0.01%. The food sector can profit from the commercial production of vanillin by biological means.

Preparation of carbon quantum dots biofilm and adsorption of heavy metal Cu2+

Jianting WEI — 2025-03-14

Currently, seawater is seriously polluted by Cu2+, thus the development of safe and efficient Cu2+ removal materials is important for maintaining the safety of marine ecology. In this study, we utilized reed and urea as raw materials, synthesizing carbon quantum dots (CQDs) and nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots (N-CQDs) through the hydrothermal method. Then, we analyzed their performance in Cu2+ detection and absorbance. Both the CQDs and N-CQDs exhibited excellent fluorescent properties, with maximum excitation wavelengths at 325 nm and corresponding emission wavelengths at 400 nm. Nitrogen doping enhanced the fluorescence intensity and stability of CQDs. Various metal ions were tested for their fluorescence-quenching effects on CQDs and N-CQDs. The results indicated that the N-CQDs exhibited strong adsorption capacity towards Cu2+, showing a good linear relationship at Cu2+ concentrations ranging from 0 to 50 μmol/L with a detection limit of 1.081 μmol/L. Additionally, we prepared a CQDs-biofilm using 3% chitosan as raw material and evaluated the adsorption of Cu2+ by the N-CQDs biofilm. The findings revealed that the Cu2+ adsorption rate of the N-CQD biofilm ranged from 28% to 67%. This CQD-biofilm is significant for trace detection and pollution control of Cu2+ in aqueous media.

American Journal of Chemistry

Isoeugenol's biotransformation to vanillin using microorganisms

Preparation of carbon quantum dots biofilm and adsorption of heavy metal Cu2+